Search results for "Intestinal secretion"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Insights into the Structure of the Vip3Aa Insecticidal Protein by Protease Digestion Analysis

2017

Vip3 proteins are secretable proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis whose mode of action is still poorly understood. In this study, the activation process for Vip3 proteins was closely examined in order to better understand the Vip3Aa protein stability and to shed light on its structure. The Vip3Aa protoxin (of 89 kDa) was treated with trypsin at concentrations from 1:100 to 120:100 (trypsin:Vip3A, w:w). If the action of trypsin was not properly neutralized, the results of SDS-PAGE analysis (as well as those with Agrotis ipsilon midgut juice) equivocally indicated that the protoxin could be completely processed. However, when the proteolytic reaction was efficiently stopped, it was revealed t…

0301 basic medicineProteasesHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisSize-exclusion chromatographyBeta sheetBacillus thuringiensislcsh:MedicineBiologyToxicologyCleavage (embryo)ArticleProtein Structure Secondary03 medical and health sciencestrypsin inhibitorsBacterial ProteinsSDS-PAGE artefactprotease stabilitymedicinebacterial secreted proteinsAnimalsTrypsinMode of actionProtein secondary structureVip proteinsIntestinal Secretionslcsh:Rtoxin activationVip proteins; bacterial secreted proteins; toxin activation; proteolytic activation; trypsin inhibitors; <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>; SDS-PAGE artefact; protease stabilityTrypsinMolecular biologyLepidoptera030104 developmental biologyBiochemistryproteolytic activationLarvaProteolysisPeptidesAlpha helixmedicine.drugToxins
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Profile of P-glycoprotein distribution in the rat and its possible influence on the salbutamol intestinal absorption process.

2004

8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables.--PMID: 15124220 [PubMed]

In situAbsorption (pharmacology)Maleverapamilmedicine.medical_specialtymRNAPharmaceutical ScienceWestern blotIn Vitro TechniquesIntestinal absorptionPharmacokineticsWestern blotInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsAlbuterolATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily B Member 1Rats WistarP-glycoproteinmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyintestinal absorptionintestinal secretionMolecular biologyP-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressionRatsEndocrinologyIntestinal Absorptionsalbutamolreverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)Salbutamolbiology.proteinbioavailabilityPerfusionmedicine.drugJournal of pharmaceutical sciences
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Colonic drug delivery: influence of cross-linking agent on pectin beads properties and role of the shell capsule type.

2006

For colonic delivery, pectin beads obtained by ionotropic gelation method have been already reported as an interesting approach. This study investigated the influence of the cross-linking agent (calcium or zinc) and the type of shell capsule used (classical or enteric capsules) on pectin beads properties and on their performance to target the colon (in vitro dissolution studies with subsequent pH change to mimic overall gastro-intestinal tract). Zinc pectinate beads seemed to be relatively similar to calcium's ones in morphological point, except on the surface aspect. When beads were introduced in classical hard capsules, ketoprofen release was not significantly different between CPG and ZP…

Ketoprofenfood.ingredientPectinColonPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementAdministration OralCapsulesZincCalciumMethylcelluloseDosage formfoodDrug Delivery SystemsDrug DiscoverymedicinePharmacologyGastric JuiceIntestinal Secretionsdigestive oral and skin physiologyOrganic Chemistryfood and beveragesCapsuleZincCross-Linking ReagentschemistryBiochemistrySolubilityKetoprofenDrug deliveryBiophysicsMicroscopy Electron ScanningPectinsCalciumSwellingmedicine.symptommedicine.drugDrug development and industrial pharmacy
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Glucagon-like peptide-2 modulates neurally evoked mucosal chloride secretion in guinea pig small intestine in vitro

2009

Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an important neuroendocrine peptide in intestinal physiology. It influences digestion, absorption, epithelial growth, motility, and blood flow. We studied involvement of GLP-2 in intestinal mucosal secretory behavior. Submucosal-mucosal preparations from guinea pig ileum were mounted in Ussing chambers for measurement of short-circuit current ( Isc) as a surrogate for chloride secretion. GLP-2 action on neuronal release of acetylcholine was determined with ELISA. Enteric neuronal expression of the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) was studied with immunohistochemical methods. Application of GLP-2 (0.1–100 nM) to the serosal or mucosal side of the preparations evoke…

MaleTime FactorsPhysiologyVasoactive intestinal peptideHormones and SignalingFluorescent Antibody TechniqueSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaEnteric Nervous SystemMembrane PotentialsIntestinal mucosaGlucagon-Like Peptide 2Receptors GlucagonNeuropeptide YIntestinal MucosaNeurotransmitter Agentsdigestive oral and skin physiologyGastroenterologygastrointestinal hormoneGlucagon-like peptide-2ImmunohistochemistrySomatostatinmedicine.anatomical_structureenteric nervous system; gastrointestinal hormones; intestine; mucosal secretionGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 ReceptorSomatostatinhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsVasoactive Intestinal Peptideendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGuinea PigsMotilityEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayIleumIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyCholine O-AcetyltransferaseChloridesIleumPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsintestineIntestinal SecretionsHepatologymucosal secretionAcetylcholineElectric StimulationSmall intestineEndocrinologyGlucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor
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The renin–angiotensin system in gastrointestinal functions

2023

In this chapter, we describe the role played by classical and alternative renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in the physiological regulation of gastrointestinal functions. RAS modulates gut motility and mucosal functions, including secretion, fluid, and nutrient absorption. We focus mainly on the activation of angiotensin II type 1 and 2 receptors located on the smooth muscle and epithelial cells or on the enteric neurons. Few studies indicate that alternative RAS may counteract classical RAS functions. Although data on the enteric RAS system are still scarce, they encourage further investigations in consideration also of a potential involvement in gastrointestinal disorders.

Nutrient absorptionGastrointestinal tractAngiotensin II receptors (ATRs)Gastrointestinal secretionGastrointestinal mucosaSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaGut motilityEnteric neurons
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Rhein stimulates active chloride secretion in the short-circuited rat colonic mucosa.

1988

In a short-circuited mucosa-submucosa preparation of the rat descending colon with preserved Meissner's plexus mounted as an everted sac rhein transiently increased the potential difference and short-circuit current (Isc) when administered serosally and mucosally, but serosal application was more effective. Maximal effects were obtained at rhein concentrations of 1.6 X 10(-4) and 3 X 10(-4) mol/l. Net chloride absorption was decreased. Indomethacin (5 X 10(-6) mol/l) did not inhibit the increase of Isc, but omission of calcium from the serosal side as well as tetrodoxin (2 X 10(-7) mol/l) decreased it by 50 and 60%. Mechanical removal of Meissner's plexus partly blocked the effect of rhein,…

medicine.medical_specialtyColonIndomethacinAnthraquinonesTetrodotoxindigestive systemDescending colonMembrane PotentialsChloridesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsChloride secretionIntestinal MucosaPharmacologyPlexusDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryCatharticsdigestive oral and skin physiologyRats Inbred StrainsGeneral MedicineSubmucous Plexusdigestive system diseasesRatsIntestinal secretionColonic mucosaEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePotential differenceCalciumFemalePharmacology
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